Past perfect en ingles.

La estructura del Past perfect en inglés. (El pluscuamperfecto)

Como el Present perfect, se forma el Past perfect con el verbo auxiliar to have y el participio pasado.

Estructura de frases afirmativas.

Sujeto + had + participio del verbo principal.

I had gone                                         Yo había ido you had gone                                   tu habías ido he had gone                                     él había ido she had gone                                   ella había ido it had gone  (para animales o cosas)    we had gone                                    habíamos ido they had gone                                 habían ido

Con la forma contraida.

Subject	Auxiliary	Contraida	Past Participle
I you he she it we they	had had had had had had had	I'd you'd he'd she'd it'd we'd they'd	studied visited worked eaten arrived travelled made

Estructura: frases afirmativas.

Sujeto + had + participio del verbo principal.

• I had eaten. = I’d eaten. - Yo había comido.
• He had gone out when she came. = He’d gone out when she came. - Él había salido cuando ella vino.
• They had studied English before they went to London. = They'd studied English before they went to London. - Habían estudiado inglés antes de irse a Londres.

                         ¿Cómo se niega con el "Past Perfect?

Ojo en frases negativas, el not viene después del had.

Estructura negación:

Sujeto + had + not + verbo principal en "past participle" had not = hadn’t

• She had not worked. = She hadn’t worked. - Ella no había trabajado.

• John had not eaten before arriving at the party. = John hadn’t eaten before arriving at the party. - John no había cenado antes de llegar a la fiesta.

¿Cómo se pregunta con el "Past Perfect"?

Cuando se forma una pregunta, el sujeto viene entre el had y el participio.

Estructura preguntas

Had + sujeto + verbo principal en "past participle" +?

• Had the students studied before taking the exam? - ¿Habían estudiado los estudiantes antes de tomar el examen?

• Had John eaten before arriving at the party? - ¿Había cenado John antes de llegar a la fiesta.?

Escucha la pronunciación de las frases.

I had eaten. = I’d eaten.  Yo había comido. He had gone out when she came. = He’d gone out when she came. - Él había salido cuando ella vino. They had studied English before they went to London. = They'd studied English before they went to London. - Habían estudiado inglés antes de irse a Londres. She had not worked. = She hadn’t worked. - Ella no había trabajado. John had not eaten before arriving at the party. = John hadn’t eaten before arriving at the party. - John no había cenado antes de llegar a la fiesta. Had the students studied before taking the exam? - ¿Habían estudiado los estudiantes antes de tomar el examen? Had John eaten before arriving at the party? - ¿Había cenado John antes de llegar a la fiesta?

Entradas relacionadas:

Ejercicios:

• Traduce al inglés para comprobar la comprensión.  

Curso ingles online, tiempos verbales en ingles, past perfect en ingles.